George s



(NOMOCEW G s MAYHBW COMPOSITION MATERIAL.

No. 468,355. Patnted Feb. 9, 1892.

Ger/ye /y v 9,

...2: llii Y all as hereinafter described, 'and l I .STATES PATENTOEEICE. I

' GEORGE s. MAYHEW, OE MINNEAPOLIS, MINNESOTA, ASSIGNOR 'ro CHARLES A.SMITH, OE SAME PLAGE.

l CUMPOSITIIQN MATEVRlAL..

SPEGIFICATIONforming part of Letters Patent No. 468,355, dated February9, 1892. I Application filed August 15, 1891- Serial No. 402,717. (Nospecimens.)

'To all whom it may concern.-

, Be it known that l, GEORGE S. MAYHEW, of Minneapolis, inthe county ofHennepin and State of Minnesotahave invented an Improved lCompositionMaterial, of which` the 4following is a specification.

My invention relates toa novel material for use in building houses,railway-cars, and in many other departments of building and manufacture.

rllhe object of myinvention is to provide a simple andcheap compositionmaterial capable of being made up in large sheets, which' sheets may begivenV during the process of manufacture a curved, an angular, or afiatk shape, as best suited to the use to which the material is to beput, the latter being the most common. A e

The further object is to provide a composite board or slab which may beworked into any convenient shape with ordinary carpenters tools, whileat the same time possessing the properties of strength, rigidity, and ofdurability, and which will not Warp or shrink.

` "With these objects in View my invention consists-in a compositionmaterial made upof Sheets or pieces of straw or other pulp board 'y andstrips or slats of woodinterposed and secured togetheir and between saidsheets by an adhesivey compound .whichjvhen dried, forms a hard.inflexible and-inelastic connection between the parts,.wherebyastianddurable composite board is produced; in a composition'materialconstructed as above, with the exception that either the saidpaper-board orv the said adhesive compound, or both, are pre- -'viouslyprepared and adapted/to make the finished `composition material fire orwater proof, or both, as required; in a method of manufacturing saidmaterial in which the sameis subjected to heavypressure' and to a dryingprocess, whereby the material is givenl a final firmness, solidity, andrigidity which -it is impossible .to obtain in any other way;

in` adaptingsueh material to `use in flat,r or

particularly pointed out' in the claims. v g .My invention will be morereadily underpaper.

uponthe same.'

4portions of the same being broken away to 55 more clearly show Atheconstruction or composition thereof. Fig. 2 is a cross-sectionof a'piece of' my material, showing large wooden strips arranged between twosheets of thick" Fig. 3 showsa wall and ceiling cove 6o constructed ofmy material. Y

, The general and simplest form of my composition material is shown indetail in Fig. l, Where 2 represents thev first layer or sheet ofthickstraw or other pulp` board. In the pro- 65 cess of manufacture theupper surface of this sheet 2 is covered with a layer or thick coat 3 ofadhesive compound, which compound is made up orignally of an adhesivematerial "which has been previously dissolved and then 7o `ticity andflexibility. Immediately after the coat of adhesive compound is appliedtothe sheet 2 and while the compound is still soft and before it' setsor hardens the narrow Wooden strips or slats are laid close together 8oThis body layer or course of wooden slats 4 is next covered orcoatedwith a layer or coat 5 of the same adhesive compound, care beingtaken before or after orat the time the slats are .laid in position toforce 85 thecmpound into all parts of the cracks or openings 6 betweenthe slats and into all cracks or openings or recesses therein to thor- Aoughly and completely fill the same. Immediately after this coatofcompound is ap- 9o plied the other and second sheet 7, made up ofmaterial the same as or sirrilarV tothat of the sheet 2, is placed onthe slats and the e whole composite slab thus formed in then subjectedto a heavy and equal pressure 95 adapted to force theparts firmlytogether.

Thispressure suddenly applied forces the adhesive compound into everycrack or recess between or in the slats and paper, and in fact into thesoft wood and into the thick paper, x00

and the greater proportion of the solvent employed in the adhesivecompound is forcibly disseminated into and absorbed by the wood and thethick porous paper, thus greatlyv hastening the 'final setting orhardening ofv the adhesive compound, and thereby the rigid connectioniofthe parts. The setting of the v adhesive compound is thus forced andmade ready for use.

. ous, strong, inflexible, and durable board,

practically instantaneous, thereby rendering the manufacture of thematerial speedy and convenient. The firm board so formed is now' morethoroughly and finally dried, and is then v The care which is exercisedto 'insure the thorough and complete filling of all cracks, openings,depressions, or recesses between and in the several parts, and theapplication of the same to solidify the whole, result in the productionof a piece ofcomposition maferial constituting in reality onehomogenethe component parts of which are thereafter practicallyinseparable. Y So long as the standard rigidity and inflexibility ismaintained the thickness and weight of these boards may be varied toalmostv any extent by the employment in their manufacture of wood stripsand of paper-board of thevarious thicknesses, andtherewith the revofvery heavy pressure after the assembling quired amount of `the adhesivecompound,

of theboards are only limited in extent byL the lengthY in which lumbercan be cut and handled, and the size in which the pulp-board can bemade. YThe wood and paper employed being comparatively soft, and the dryadhesive compound, though hard and stony, being in thin layers orplates, and therefore readily broken,4 the composition material may beeasily and cheaply worked with ordinary tools. My composition boardstherefore, possessing, as they do, any required size and a density aboutequal to that of wood and a strength in many cases greater'than wood,are not only suitable for use in place thereof, but preferable to wood,for the reason that my composition boards are free from theobjectionabletendency of natural boards to warp, shrink, bulge, and split. Further,the straw,

' wood, or other pulp paper forming the sides of the boards readilyadmits of the applica-r tion thereto of any ornamental or decorative orpreservative substance or article, thereby especially adapting thematerial to any of the' uses known to the building` or decorative art.

As commonly manufactured, an adhesive compound composed of a solvent,glue and Whiting. plaster-of-paris, or clay is employed to weld theparts of the board together. This compound in itself -is neither firenor Water proof; butby employing in placethereof acompound possessing initself fire or water proof properties, or'both, my composition materialmay be made to possess those'qualities. For

instance, in the manufacture of water-proof preferably use a compoundmade up of clay or ofthe Whiting or plast-erof-paris above mentioned anddextrine and creosote.

paperA employed ireor water proof, or both, initself. For example,fire-proof paper suit- The sameI result may be attained by constitutingthe'` able for this use maybe made by agthorough saturation of thepulp-board with oil of creo-4 sote or any of thev silicates,`whileV thesame paper may be made water-proof by soaking vit thoroughly in oil, thepaper in each case being thoroughly dried before usein the..

manufacture of the board.

eral ingredient which gives to the same when .dry the hardz iniexiblestony character, the

and paper maybe used up inthe manufacture of the board; for the jointsbetween the pieces are really stronger than the other parts of theboards.

One ofthe great advantages accruing from the use of the narrow slips isthat the material may be made up originally in practically any curved orangular form, and when dry will be retained in form by the hard materialVwedged in between the strips.

One of t-he most valuable forms in which^I- have constructed my boardsis that of a cove for use between the wall and ceiling of vau is shownvin this figure, may be secured in the l It will be seen that all of thevarious Icom- I pounds have in common the earthyor min-"85` anglebetween ,the wall 9 and the' ceiling 10 Yby kan y suitable means'.

- claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patentv l, A compositionmaterial composed of a body of wooden strips or slats arranged edge toedge and rigidly cemented together, and thick sheets of straw orotherpulp board rigidly cemented on opposite sides of said body,

whereby a single strong, rigid, and infiexible' composite board isformed, substantially as described.

2. A composition material composed of a bodyT of parallel slats orstrips, sheets of thick straw or other pulp board arranged on the sidesof said body, and an adhesive compound interposed between said slats and-between the same and said sheets of paper and form- 4 Themblding-strips 4ll and l2, secured to the wall and ceiling, and

ing when dry a hard substance rigidly conf necting said parts, the wholeforming a rigid inflexible homogeneous material, substantially asdescribed.

3. A rigid and inflexible composition material composed of a body ofparallel wooden slats, thick sheets of paper board arranged on the sidesof said body, and an adhesive compound interposed between and connectingsaid slatstogether and with said paperboards, substantially asdescribed.

1i. A rigid and inflexible composition material composed of a layer orbody of parallel wooden slats or strips, sheets of thick paperboardarranged upon the sides of said strips,

vand said strips and paper being rigidly cemented together by anadhesive compound which when dry is of a hard inexible character,substantially as described. i

5.' A rigid and inflexible composition material composed of a layer orbody of parallel wooden slats, sheets of thick paper or other pulp boardon the side of said body, and an adhesive compound having an earthy ormineral ingredient and interposed and dried between said slats andbetweenthe slats and said board, substantially as described.

6. t A rigid and infiexible composition composed of a body or layer ofnarrow parallel wooden slats or strips, two equally strong sheets ofheavy paper-board arranged on the sides of saidbody, and an adhesivecompound interposed between and adapted to rigidly cement said slats andthe slats and said sheets together, said compoundhaving an earthyormineral ingredient adapted to give the same a hard stony character whendesired', substantially as described.

.7. A rigid inflexible composition material composed of a layer orcourse of wood strips, thick paper facings therefor, andan adhesivecompound interposed between the same and between said strips, saidcompound possessing in itself fire-proof properties, substantially asdescribed.

8. A rigid infiexible composition material composed 'of a layer orcourse of wood strips', 4

thick paper facings therefor, and an adhesive compound interposedbetween the same and between vsaid strips, said compound possessing initself water-proof properties, substantially as described. l

9. A rigid and inflexible composition material composed of a layerorcourse of wooden slats `or strips,- thick paper facings therefor, andan adhesive compound interposed between the same and between saidstrips, said compoundpossessing in itself fire and water proofproperties, substantially as described.

, 10. A rigid and inflexible composition material composed of a layer orbody ofA wooden slats or strips, sheets of thick pulp-board arranged onthe sides of said body, and an adhesive compound interposed between saidsheets and entirely surrounding each of said pulpstrips, said pulp-boardhaving in itself fireproofproperties, substantially as described. l" 11.Arigid and inflexible composition'material composed of a layer or bodyof wooden slats or strips, sheets of thick pulp-board arranged on thesides of said body, and an adhesive compound interposed .between saidsheets andentirely surrounding each of said .sheets of paper-boardembracing the same,

and an adhesive compound possessing an earthy or mineral ingredient andinterposed between said parts, the whole being subjected to heavypressure while the said compound is still soft, whereby thematerial issolidified andfrendered durable and inflexible, substantially asdescribed.

14.-. The process of manufacturing rigid inflexible material, whichconsists in arranging between thick sheets of paper or other pulp boardparallel slats or strips, interposing between` those parts an adhesivecompound adapted to assume a hard infiexible charac- IOO ter when driedand subjecting the whole to heavy pressure, whereby the same is madesolid and inflexible and the setting of the compound hastened,substantially as described.

15. The process of' manufacturing arigid and inexible compositionmaterial, .which los consists in arranging a layer or body of parallelnarrow wooden slats or stripsbetween said strips and the sameand saidsheets an adhesive compound having an earthy or mineral ingredient, thenforcing said parts tov gether and thus disseminating the compoundv andthe solvent thereof between and into said .sheets of thick paper orother pulp board, and during the operation interposing between parts,and finally dryinggthe product, sub- 'stantially as and for the purposesspecified.

'16.. The combination, with the thick sheets of paper, of thel woodslats arranged between the same and secured together and thereto by anadhesive compound having an earthyingredient, the whole being formedinto a cove during manufacture, substantially as described.4 Intestimony whereof I have affixed my sgnaturein presence of twowitnesses.

.. .GEORGE S. MAYHEW.

Witnesses:

EWELL A, DICK, C. G; HAWLEY.

